2.2.2   Definition of idioms …………………………………………………………….16

2.3       Employed strategies in idioms learning………………………………………….18

2.3.1 Communicative Skills: Teach English Idioms with Dialogue Writing and………19

Role-Play

2.3.2 Applying English Idioms through Dialogue Writing and Role-play in a……….19   Particular context

2.4 figurative and literal meaning of idiom………………………………….…….23

2.4.1 Idioms and Metaphors………………………………………………….…….24

2.4.2 Idioms and Clichés……………………………………………….…..….…. 24

2.4.3 Idioms and Proverbs…………………………………….………….….……25

2.4.4 Idioms and Fixed Expressions………………………..…………….………26

2.5 Transparent and Opaque idioms…………….……..………….……………….26

2.6 The study of idiomaticity in a glance…….……….……….………………….30

2.7 Problems in Teaching L2 Idioms….……………….………….………………31

2.8 Strategies Employed in L2 Idiom Processing………….…….…………………32

2.9 The Role of Vocabulary and Culture in Understanding Idioms………………..33

2.10 The Role of Context in Idiom Comprehension…………………….…………34

2.11 Idiomatic Competence…………………………………………………….….37

2.11.1 Measuring Idiomatic Competence…………………………………….……38

2.12 Idiom-Related Research in Language Learning and Use…………………….39

2.13 The Importance of Idioms and the Case for the Lexicon…………………….41

2.14 Idiom Acquisition……………………………………………………………42

2.15 The Dual coding theory………………………………………………………45

2.16 Etymological elaboration……………………………………………….…….46

2.16.1 Etymological Elaboration, an Effective Strategy in Teaching Idioms………51

Chapter Three

3.0. Introduction…………………………………………………………………… 56

3.1. Participants………………………………………………………………………56

3.2. Instruments………………………………………………………………………56

3.3. Procedures………………………………………………………………………57

Chapter Four

4.0. Introduction…………………………………………………………………….61

4.1. Descriptive statistics for experimental and control groups’ posttest……………62